Sustainable Synthesis of Plant-based Nano-cellulose

Goel, Sarvaggya (2023) Sustainable Synthesis of Plant-based Nano-cellulose. Masters thesis, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata.

Text (MS dissertation of Sarvaggya Goel (18MS008)) Thesis_18MS008.pdf - Submitted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (3MB)

Abstract

Nano-cellulose has drawn massive interest from specialists from academic and modern regions, given their fascinating underlying elements and exceptional physicochemical properties, such as, great mechanical strength, high surface region, and numerous hydroxyl groups for compound adjustment, low thickness, and biodegradability. It is a remarkable competitor for applications in different fields extensive of, e.g., biomedical, electronic devices, water refinements, nanocomposites, and layers. Moreover, a persevering movement is happening in the extraction and surface change of cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibres to satisfy the extended need of makers to manufacture nano-cellulose-based materials. In this thesis, the groundwork of nano-cellulose that rose out of lignocellulosic biomass and ongoing improvement in the extraction/planning of cellulose nanocrystals and various sorts of cellulose nanocrystal surface alteration procedures are summarized. The work is on the Sustainable Synthesis of Nano-cellulose from a plant-based source, Aeschynomene aspera (commonly called Shola). Shola is a wetland non-edible native with soft porous wood. Targeting the cellulose polymer, I have followed various pre-treatments to remove hemicellulose and lignin potentially. I use mechano-chemical methods to obtain nano-fibrillated/crystalline cellulose. Conventional methods include using harsh acidic conditions followed by unsustainable bleaching procedures. The polymer is highly insoluble in any solvent. Therefore, the C-6 of the monomer units was functionalized. The insoluble polymer can be made dispersive using TEMPO and oxalic acid as the oxidizing agents. We have dealt with various stem parts and compare the results with conventional commercial sources. The characterization involves SEM, TEM, NMR spectroscopy, FTIR, and XRD analysis. We look forward to the high-end material applications that can be translated from the bench to the industrial scale.

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