Study of Cell-Cell and Cell-substrate Adhesion In Fish Keratocytes

Mukherjee, Baishali (2019) Study of Cell-Cell and Cell-substrate Adhesion In Fish Keratocytes. Masters thesis, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata.

PDF (MS dissertation of Baishali Mukherjee (14MS139)) 14MS139.pdf - Submitted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (24MB)

Abstract

Collectively migrating cells behave very different from single cell migration with respect to cell-substate adhesion and cell-cell communication. Coordinated movement of large groups of cells is required for many biological processes, such as embryo-genesis, wound healing, tissue renewal and angiogenesis. Furthermore, abnormal collective migration has been linked to tumour spread. During collective cell migration, cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesions must be coordinated to balance the net force generated in the migrating sheet. Role of acto-myosin complex in wound healing cell migration is quite well studied. However, further studies are required to understand how the pathways regulating adhesion are integrated in collective cell migration. Here, we have taken a biophysical approach to study cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion in fish keratocyte cell sheet migration. Depolarizaion of the migrating cell sheet breaks cell-cell adhesion from front edge and single cells start migrating out of the sheet with comparatively higher speed. Potentiometric dye studies with FluoVolt dye gives a qualitative idea of membrane potential gradient in the monolayer. IRM images show that cells have non-uniform adhesion pattern while migrating as a sheet that makes us think again how actually cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion is balanced during collective cell migration. The cell sheet has gradient of membrane fluctuations that can be directly related to membrane tension.

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