Abnormal N-Heterocyclic Carbene: An Excellent Building Block for Designing Homogeneous Catalysts

Hota, Pradip Kumar (2026) Abnormal N-Heterocyclic Carbene: An Excellent Building Block for Designing Homogeneous Catalysts. PhD thesis, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata.

Text (PhD thesis of Pradip Kumar Hota (11IP14)) 11IP14.pdf - Submitted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (10MB)

Abstract

This thesis outlines the work undertaken on four projects. Two projects are focusing on the development of abnormal N-heterocyclic carbene based Pd(II) catalysed oxidative Heck reaction and hydroarylation reaction. Other two projects describe metal-free catalysis using the first isolated abnormal N-heterocyclic carbene as a catalyst. Chapter I reviews literature related to carbene family. The success in the field of homogeneous catalysis can be attributed largely to the development of a diverse range of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand frameworks that are capable to tune the behaviour of various systems. Spectacular results in the field of organometallic chemistry have been achieved using NHCs as a result of their strong σ-donating behaviour. This chapters outlines briefly the chemistry of NHCs and catalytic properties of their organometallic complexes as well as metal-free catalysis with an emphasis on the new type of NHC which is known as abnormal NHC. Chapter II describes the results and discussions out of current study for the various organic reactions using abnormal N-heterocyclic carbene as a ligand. This chapter is subdivided into four different sections and the highlights of the present investigation and possible future directions are summarized at the end of each section. First section, 2.1 describes the results obtained in oxidative Heck reaction using newly designed aNHC-Pd(II) catalyst. Section 2.2 contains the hydroarylation results using newly designed aNHC-Pd(II) catalyst. Section 2.3 depicts the efficacy of aNHC as a metal-free catalyst for reductive functionalization of CO2 with amides under ambient conditions. Finally, section 2.4 portrays the metal-free catalytic silylative dehydration of primary amides to nitriles at room temperature using aNHC as a catalyst. Chapter III outlines details of the experimental procedures for the synthesis of the Pd(II) complexes bearing abnormal N-heterocyclic carbene backbone. Detailed procedure including catalysis reaction and NMR spectra of the complexes are also given in this chapter.

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